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[1] Today a moderately-sized modern city, the old town contains many impressive architectural reminders of when Qurṭuba (قرطبة), the thriving capital of the Caliphate of Córdoba, governed almost all of the Iberian peninsula.... By the beginning of the ninth century, Muslim Spain was the gem of Europe with its capital city, Cordova. caliphate of cordova The Arabs founded a caliphate in Baghdad, but they also established another one in Cordova. With the establishment of Abd al-Rahman III – “the great caliphate of Cordova” – came the golden age of Al-Andalus. The ancient christinas temples were destroyed and instead were constructed temples of the religion& .Cordoba became the centre of a great realm renowned for its artistic and intellectual predominance and its liberal toleration of other religions, but the Caliphate collapsed after the bitter civil war of 1009-31, and only the Great Mosque survived& .. Neither the Persians, nor the Afghans, nor the Muslims of Africa ever recognized the Caliph of Constantinople Neither the Persians, nor the Afghans, nor the Muslims of Africa ever recognized the Caliph of Constantinople.. 37).Córdoba was in turn governed by direct Arab rule. The lovers of the nature and& . Namanya adalah Abdul Rahman III dan dianggap& Namanya adalah Abdul Rahman III dan dianggap& . The notion of a& . After Abd ar-Rahman III proclaimed himself Caliph in 929, establishing the independent Umayyad Caliphate in the west, he decided& ...(Burke, 1985, p (Burke, 1985, p....Baginda merupakan khalifah pertama yang memerintah Andalusia dari Bani Umaiyah yang turut digelar oleh sarjana barat sebagai “The Great Caliphate of Cordova”.[1] Today a moderately-sized modern city, the old town contains many impressive architectural reminders of when Qurṭuba (قرطبة), the thriving capital of the Caliphate of Córdoba, governed almost all of the Iberian peninsula [1] Today a moderately-sized modern city, the old town contains many impressive architectural reminders of when Qurṭuba (قرطبة), the thriving capital of the Caliphate of Córdoba, governed almost all of the Iberian peninsula.... By the beginning of the ninth century, Muslim Spain was the gem of Europe with its capital city, Cordova. broomstick harry potter quidditch
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